SpiderImagePlugin.py 10 KB

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  1. #
  2. # The Python Imaging Library.
  3. #
  4. # SPIDER image file handling
  5. #
  6. # History:
  7. # 2004-08-02 Created BB
  8. # 2006-03-02 added save method
  9. # 2006-03-13 added support for stack images
  10. #
  11. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Health Research Inc. (HRI) RENSSELAER, NY 12144.
  12. # Copyright (c) 2004 by William Baxter.
  13. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Secret Labs AB.
  14. # Copyright (c) 2004 by Fredrik Lundh.
  15. #
  16. ##
  17. # Image plugin for the Spider image format. This format is used
  18. # by the SPIDER software, in processing image data from electron
  19. # microscopy and tomography.
  20. ##
  21. #
  22. # SpiderImagePlugin.py
  23. #
  24. # The Spider image format is used by SPIDER software, in processing
  25. # image data from electron microscopy and tomography.
  26. #
  27. # Spider home page:
  28. # https://spider.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/spider.html
  29. #
  30. # Details about the Spider image format:
  31. # https://spider.wadsworth.org/spider_doc/spider/docs/image_doc.html
  32. #
  33. from __future__ import annotations
  34. import os
  35. import struct
  36. import sys
  37. from typing import IO, Any, cast
  38. from . import Image, ImageFile
  39. from ._util import DeferredError
  40. TYPE_CHECKING = False
  41. def isInt(f: Any) -> int:
  42. try:
  43. i = int(f)
  44. if f - i == 0:
  45. return 1
  46. else:
  47. return 0
  48. except (ValueError, OverflowError):
  49. return 0
  50. iforms = [1, 3, -11, -12, -21, -22]
  51. # There is no magic number to identify Spider files, so just check a
  52. # series of header locations to see if they have reasonable values.
  53. # Returns no. of bytes in the header, if it is a valid Spider header,
  54. # otherwise returns 0
  55. def isSpiderHeader(t: tuple[float, ...]) -> int:
  56. h = (99,) + t # add 1 value so can use spider header index start=1
  57. # header values 1,2,5,12,13,22,23 should be integers
  58. for i in [1, 2, 5, 12, 13, 22, 23]:
  59. if not isInt(h[i]):
  60. return 0
  61. # check iform
  62. iform = int(h[5])
  63. if iform not in iforms:
  64. return 0
  65. # check other header values
  66. labrec = int(h[13]) # no. records in file header
  67. labbyt = int(h[22]) # total no. of bytes in header
  68. lenbyt = int(h[23]) # record length in bytes
  69. if labbyt != (labrec * lenbyt):
  70. return 0
  71. # looks like a valid header
  72. return labbyt
  73. def isSpiderImage(filename: str) -> int:
  74. with open(filename, "rb") as fp:
  75. f = fp.read(92) # read 23 * 4 bytes
  76. t = struct.unpack(">23f", f) # try big-endian first
  77. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  78. if hdrlen == 0:
  79. t = struct.unpack("<23f", f) # little-endian
  80. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  81. return hdrlen
  82. class SpiderImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
  83. format = "SPIDER"
  84. format_description = "Spider 2D image"
  85. _close_exclusive_fp_after_loading = False
  86. def _open(self) -> None:
  87. # check header
  88. n = 27 * 4 # read 27 float values
  89. f = self.fp.read(n)
  90. try:
  91. self.bigendian = 1
  92. t = struct.unpack(">27f", f) # try big-endian first
  93. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  94. if hdrlen == 0:
  95. self.bigendian = 0
  96. t = struct.unpack("<27f", f) # little-endian
  97. hdrlen = isSpiderHeader(t)
  98. if hdrlen == 0:
  99. msg = "not a valid Spider file"
  100. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  101. except struct.error as e:
  102. msg = "not a valid Spider file"
  103. raise SyntaxError(msg) from e
  104. h = (99,) + t # add 1 value : spider header index starts at 1
  105. iform = int(h[5])
  106. if iform != 1:
  107. msg = "not a Spider 2D image"
  108. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  109. self._size = int(h[12]), int(h[2]) # size in pixels (width, height)
  110. self.istack = int(h[24])
  111. self.imgnumber = int(h[27])
  112. if self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
  113. # stk=0, img=0: a regular 2D image
  114. offset = hdrlen
  115. self._nimages = 1
  116. elif self.istack > 0 and self.imgnumber == 0:
  117. # stk>0, img=0: Opening the stack for the first time
  118. self.imgbytes = int(h[12]) * int(h[2]) * 4
  119. self.hdrlen = hdrlen
  120. self._nimages = int(h[26])
  121. # Point to the first image in the stack
  122. offset = hdrlen * 2
  123. self.imgnumber = 1
  124. elif self.istack == 0 and self.imgnumber > 0:
  125. # stk=0, img>0: an image within the stack
  126. offset = hdrlen + self.stkoffset
  127. self.istack = 2 # So Image knows it's still a stack
  128. else:
  129. msg = "inconsistent stack header values"
  130. raise SyntaxError(msg)
  131. if self.bigendian:
  132. self.rawmode = "F;32BF"
  133. else:
  134. self.rawmode = "F;32F"
  135. self._mode = "F"
  136. self.tile = [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + self.size, offset, self.rawmode)]
  137. self._fp = self.fp # FIXME: hack
  138. @property
  139. def n_frames(self) -> int:
  140. return self._nimages
  141. @property
  142. def is_animated(self) -> bool:
  143. return self._nimages > 1
  144. # 1st image index is zero (although SPIDER imgnumber starts at 1)
  145. def tell(self) -> int:
  146. if self.imgnumber < 1:
  147. return 0
  148. else:
  149. return self.imgnumber - 1
  150. def seek(self, frame: int) -> None:
  151. if self.istack == 0:
  152. msg = "attempt to seek in a non-stack file"
  153. raise EOFError(msg)
  154. if not self._seek_check(frame):
  155. return
  156. if isinstance(self._fp, DeferredError):
  157. raise self._fp.ex
  158. self.stkoffset = self.hdrlen + frame * (self.hdrlen + self.imgbytes)
  159. self.fp = self._fp
  160. self.fp.seek(self.stkoffset)
  161. self._open()
  162. # returns a byte image after rescaling to 0..255
  163. def convert2byte(self, depth: int = 255) -> Image.Image:
  164. extrema = self.getextrema()
  165. assert isinstance(extrema[0], float)
  166. minimum, maximum = cast(tuple[float, float], extrema)
  167. m: float = 1
  168. if maximum != minimum:
  169. m = depth / (maximum - minimum)
  170. b = -m * minimum
  171. return self.point(lambda i: i * m + b).convert("L")
  172. if TYPE_CHECKING:
  173. from . import ImageTk
  174. # returns a ImageTk.PhotoImage object, after rescaling to 0..255
  175. def tkPhotoImage(self) -> ImageTk.PhotoImage:
  176. from . import ImageTk
  177. return ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.convert2byte(), palette=256)
  178. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  179. # Image series
  180. # given a list of filenames, return a list of images
  181. def loadImageSeries(filelist: list[str] | None = None) -> list[Image.Image] | None:
  182. """create a list of :py:class:`~PIL.Image.Image` objects for use in a montage"""
  183. if filelist is None or len(filelist) < 1:
  184. return None
  185. byte_imgs = []
  186. for img in filelist:
  187. if not os.path.exists(img):
  188. print(f"unable to find {img}")
  189. continue
  190. try:
  191. with Image.open(img) as im:
  192. assert isinstance(im, SpiderImageFile)
  193. byte_im = im.convert2byte()
  194. except Exception:
  195. if not isSpiderImage(img):
  196. print(f"{img} is not a Spider image file")
  197. continue
  198. byte_im.info["filename"] = img
  199. byte_imgs.append(byte_im)
  200. return byte_imgs
  201. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  202. # For saving images in Spider format
  203. def makeSpiderHeader(im: Image.Image) -> list[bytes]:
  204. nsam, nrow = im.size
  205. lenbyt = nsam * 4 # There are labrec records in the header
  206. labrec = int(1024 / lenbyt)
  207. if 1024 % lenbyt != 0:
  208. labrec += 1
  209. labbyt = labrec * lenbyt
  210. nvalues = int(labbyt / 4)
  211. if nvalues < 23:
  212. return []
  213. hdr = [0.0] * nvalues
  214. # NB these are Fortran indices
  215. hdr[1] = 1.0 # nslice (=1 for an image)
  216. hdr[2] = float(nrow) # number of rows per slice
  217. hdr[3] = float(nrow) # number of records in the image
  218. hdr[5] = 1.0 # iform for 2D image
  219. hdr[12] = float(nsam) # number of pixels per line
  220. hdr[13] = float(labrec) # number of records in file header
  221. hdr[22] = float(labbyt) # total number of bytes in header
  222. hdr[23] = float(lenbyt) # record length in bytes
  223. # adjust for Fortran indexing
  224. hdr = hdr[1:]
  225. hdr.append(0.0)
  226. # pack binary data into a string
  227. return [struct.pack("f", v) for v in hdr]
  228. def _save(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
  229. if im.mode != "F":
  230. im = im.convert("F")
  231. hdr = makeSpiderHeader(im)
  232. if len(hdr) < 256:
  233. msg = "Error creating Spider header"
  234. raise OSError(msg)
  235. # write the SPIDER header
  236. fp.writelines(hdr)
  237. rawmode = "F;32NF" # 32-bit native floating point
  238. ImageFile._save(im, fp, [ImageFile._Tile("raw", (0, 0) + im.size, 0, rawmode)])
  239. def _save_spider(im: Image.Image, fp: IO[bytes], filename: str | bytes) -> None:
  240. # get the filename extension and register it with Image
  241. filename_ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1]
  242. ext = filename_ext.decode() if isinstance(filename_ext, bytes) else filename_ext
  243. Image.register_extension(SpiderImageFile.format, ext)
  244. _save(im, fp, filename)
  245. # --------------------------------------------------------------------
  246. Image.register_open(SpiderImageFile.format, SpiderImageFile)
  247. Image.register_save(SpiderImageFile.format, _save_spider)
  248. if __name__ == "__main__":
  249. if len(sys.argv) < 2:
  250. print("Syntax: python3 SpiderImagePlugin.py [infile] [outfile]")
  251. sys.exit()
  252. filename = sys.argv[1]
  253. if not isSpiderImage(filename):
  254. print("input image must be in Spider format")
  255. sys.exit()
  256. with Image.open(filename) as im:
  257. print(f"image: {im}")
  258. print(f"format: {im.format}")
  259. print(f"size: {im.size}")
  260. print(f"mode: {im.mode}")
  261. print("max, min: ", end=" ")
  262. print(im.getextrema())
  263. if len(sys.argv) > 2:
  264. outfile = sys.argv[2]
  265. # perform some image operation
  266. im = im.transpose(Image.Transpose.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)
  267. print(
  268. f"saving a flipped version of {os.path.basename(filename)} "
  269. f"as {outfile} "
  270. )
  271. im.save(outfile, SpiderImageFile.format)